Tragic hero Essay Example

Tragic hero Essay The Crucible as a drama effectively explores and treats the problems of envy and jealousy. These two problems are personified by the character Abigail. Abigail is vehemently jealous of Elizabeth Proctor and of course, her relationship with John Proctor, and in Act One drinks a charm to kill her. As this initial ceremony is what sparks the witch-hunts in Salem, it can be inferred that the jealousy evident in the play is the cause for all of the other problems that arise with the witch-hunts. This jealousy throughout the play causes hysteria and panic Elizabeth, knowing that Abigail wants [her] dead fears that she will be suspected in the witch hunts because of Abigails jealousies. This is indeed what occurs, Abigail utilising the agency that she gains during the trials to her advantage. However, the background of Abigails character must be explored in order to completely understand this jealousy and will for attention and love. Abigails parents were brutally murdered, and she was left as an orphan under Parris strict household. The nature of her jealousy, therefore is centres a will for affection and love. This problematises Abigails upbringing, thereby failed parents are revealed and problematised. The audiences response to Abigail identified with the tone of the play and with the manner in which envy is treated in the play with sympathy, but condemned. Other characters however, are not viewed as sympathetically. The Putnams also represent envy and resentment. Ann Putnam is resentful of Rebecca Nurse and her healthy family and this leads to Rebecca Nurses imprisonment and hanging. Thomas Putman represents envy in his constant struggle to gain more land. In this case, however, the audience condemns them. As members of the upper-middle class they do not attract sympathy for their actions. The problems of envy, jealousy and resentment, are condemned in Millers The Crucible and although partially justified in the case of Abigail, are deemed unacceptable by the audience. We will write a custom essay sample on Tragic hero specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tragic hero specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tragic hero specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In Millers drama The Crucible, the need to maintain a good reputation and personal integrity is explored and problematised, revealing the superficial nature of the contemporaneous society and any applied society. John Proctor, who in Act 4 decides to hang rather than have his name be blackened typifies this trait. For this, he is immediately perceived as a character of high morals and the tragic hero of the play. However, the motives behind this high morality are exposed too. John Proctor, when deciding he will hang reveals his obsession with his good name. Although John Proctor is happy to sign the confession, he will not let it hang on the church door and this brings him to tear up what he has signed. This action represents superficiality and is problematised. The nature of the public eye, particularly the gossiping nature of Puritanism represented undermines the judicial system and ridicules it. In this, the society of Salem is condemned by the audience for its theocracy and that prive and public morality are one. The character John Proctor, although viewed as essentially good and condoned by the audience has motives to appear perfect in the public eye, an obsession that is problematised, and ultimately results in his death. Giles Corey, another character essentially viewed as good also refuses to give into the pressure of society and indeed the pressure of the stones that pressed him and clung to his personal integrity when refusing to name those whod signed an affidavit as to the good nature of Elizabeth Proctor, Martha Corey and Rebecca Nurse. This personal pride borders on the edge of stubbornness and for this reason is problematised. The result of this pressing is the Corey dies, which although tragic, allows the audience to understand that he did die in vain, and with regards to the symbolic nature of the text understand that Giles Corey gave in to societal pressure like John Proctor, resulting in his downfall. Although the values of a reputation and the importance of personal integrity are maintained throughout the drama, obsession with these traits is problematised, resulting in death and destruction. A significant moral problem that is raised in the drama The Crucible is moral uncertainty, and it is explored and treated as the drama progresses. The original John Hale spoke of a conscientious endeavour to do the thing that was right. This is true of the nature of the Coreys, the Proctors and the Nurses in the play, and to an extent the judges who believe it is G-ds work [they] do. Yet these characters have difficulty in determining what exactly is right and what exactly is moral. Repetition is utilised in order to illustrate this problem. The repetition of the phrase I think indicates this uncertainty. In Act Two, for example, Elizabeth says in succession The towns gone wild, I think, I think you must go to Salem, John. I think so, and when referring to the court I think they must be told. To this, Proctor answers Ill think on it and I think its not easy to prove shes fraud. All of this suggest an uncertainty, not only to the whole situation of the witch-hunts in Salem but to societys inability to make correct judgements, and the uncertainty that society displays about what is right and wrong and what each individuals position is. This insecurity and inability to make clear concise decisions and the moral uncertainty of these decisions escalates the conflict within the drama, revealing dilemma and thus making the drama more effective. Unconsciously these characters ignore what they feel is right, and instead depend on the views of the persuasive society to do what they think is right. For example, Judge Danforth refuses to believe that the girls might be frauds and he has been making the wrong judgements throughout the play and sentencing innocents to death. The problem of moral uncertainty represented throughout the play through repetition, characterisation and conflict allows the audience to condemn this uncertainty. The audience is also able to view the destruction of characters and society itself within the play as a result of this lack of moral conviction and integrity. The Crucible, by Arthur Miller is an effective medium in which a variety of social and moral problems are raised. These problematised issues are typically treated in two ways. Firstly, in the case of problems raised such as gender and class inequalities, traditional roles are often maintained, but varied slightly in order to create confusion and complications. These complications allow these problems to be raised and condemned. Other problems, such as envy, jealousy and bigotry are vehemently attacked by Miller, allowing the audience to immediately view these issues and others as problematic. While some problems and issues raised are justified for example, Abigails desire for affection relates to her traumatic childhood all in all, the main problems raised in The Crucible are rejected. This is achieved by the use of a variety of dramatic techniques and conventions throughout the drama, allowing the audience to gain insight into the problems evident not only in the Puritan society of Salem, Massachusetts in 1492, but to other contexts be it Millers McCarthyist context, the Nazi Germany period, contemporary society or to any general context where human behaviour and conflict is evident. Tragic Hero Essay Example Tragic Hero Paper John Proctor Tragic Hero? How does he fit in to the tradition of tragic heroes e. g. Macbeth, Oedipus, Hamlet? What is modern about him? Aristotle said that a tragic hero is A man neither entirely good nor entirely bad who through some flaw in his character or through some error of judgement, passes from great happiness to great sorrow. Also said of a tragic hero is an action serious and discrete in itself, a man of some eminence, and a tragic flaw often the result of pride. In this essay Im going to compare John Proctor to other tragic heroes and decide if he falls into the same situation. Macbeth as a tragic hero is married and relatively happy at the beginning of the play but his flaws are ambition and a suppressed desire to be King. This flaw causes him to go from a well-respected Thane to a dead King. Oedipus is born with his flaw; there is nothing he can do to stop it. Although what makes the downfall to great sorrow happen is that fact he tries to avoid the prophecy. John Proctor is a married man with two sons. At the beginning of the play he is looking to expand his farm. He has had a bad time with his wife. We will write a custom essay sample on Tragic Hero specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tragic Hero specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tragic Hero specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer John Proctor has many flaws in his character, which cause him great sorrow. His affair with Abigail is one of his flaws especially when he wants nothing more to do with her. Abigail holds a grudge on John Proctor and his wife Elizabeth and when the hysteria starts she has a chance to get revenge. John Proctor rarely attends church, which in 1692 was thought of extremely badly. The reason he doesnt attend church is because he doesnt get on with the Reverend Parris. This makes religion one of his enemies. Another of his enemies is wealth, in the form of Putnam. Proctor has had disputes over land with Putnam. John Proctor believes he is an important, respected figure in Salem and believes he is more powerful than the court and wont get caught up in the hysteria. He doesnt believe in witches and doesnt want a witch-hunt, but by trying to stop the mass hysteria he puts himself in the position of being accused as a witch. When John Proctor comes forward and says the girls are frauds he is too late. He leaves it too late because of his pride; he doesnt want people to know about his affair with Abigail Williams because it will ruin his reputation. When John Proctor does finally admit to the court the girls are lying, the court want to believe but it would mean they had already killed too many innocent people. A tragic hero often has a choice over what happens in the end. In the case of Macbeth, he does not take the easy option and run away but waits until he is found in is castle and is killed. Oedipus has no control over what happens to him in that he was unaware he slept with his mother and killed his father. However, Oedipus does choose to gouge out his eyeballs, a decision not necessary. In John Proctors case he has two options to save himself from his death. He could go with Abigail to Boston and run away and avoid death and imprisonment. John Proctor does not like saving himself at the expense of others. Proctor hates hypocrisy, and he comes dangerously close to being a hypocrite himself. He tries to name Abigail a fraud without revealing the information about his affair with her. By the time he confesses it is too late to stop the craze from running its course. At the end, Proctor wrestles with the decision to save himself from the gallows with a confession. He does not want to go to the gallows with the others and have anyone think of him as a martyr because he refuses to confess out of spite. He does not want to have to name the six other prisoners as guilty in his confession because he does not want to save his life by tarnishing the names of others. He does not want his signed confession nailed on the church door because it makes the six convicts look like unrepentant sinners. He chooses to go to the gallows because there is no way to save himself without putting blame on the names of the other prisoners. John Proctor doesnt take the easy opportunities, as dont the other tragic heroes. This is because taking these options is too convenient and goes against literary tradition. Tragic Hero Essay Example Tragic Hero Paper In every Sophoclean drama, there is a hero of some kind.These heroes usually are the focus of the myth.Some examples would be Frodo from the Lord of the Rings, Jason and the Argonauts in the Quest for the Golden Fleece, etc.Characters such as Creon and Antigone of the myth Antigone are also great examples.All of these characters have the qualities of a tragic hero, according to Aristotle.These qualities would be that they are inherently good, have good intentions, recognize responsibility, and accept their fate with dignity.Unfortunately, every hero has a tragic flaw. Creon and Antigone embody characteristics of the traditional Greek tragic hero and the Sophoclean tragic hero, respectively. The traditional Greek tragic hero is defined by five characteristics, thefirst being Aret. Aret is having excellence.Hubris is defines a hero as having excessive pride.At is blind recklessness that heroes may follow because they do not think about what is going to happen next.Nemesis is disastrou s retribution.The tragic flaw that a traditional Greek hero harbors is their excessive pride.This is shown when Creon says, But whoever steps out of line, violates the laws or presumes to hand out orders to his superiors, hell win no praise from me. (AI L746-750)They will not accept defeat and this is bad.Creon of the myth Antigone is a traditional Greek tragic hero.He is also the antagonist in the story. The Sophoclean tragic hero is a character whose rigid and courageous adherence to a set of principles invites their disastrous fate.Their flaw is their rigidity.Antigone is a Sophoclean tragic hero in the self-entitled myth.She would not leave a family member unburied, which in turn breaks her fathers law and proves to bring her doom.

Quotes From Napoleon Dynamite

Quotes From Napoleon Dynamite Quotes from Napoleon Dynamite have been hugely liked by many quotation lovers. If you do not follow the sense of humor, you need to watch the movie and then read these quotes. It is quite likely that you will not only find them stupid, but very likable. Deb Uncle Rico (Deb, while taking a picture of Uncle Rico) Deb: Okay, turn your head on more of a slant... (heads turn in a slant) Deb: Now, make a fist. Slowly ease it up underneath your chin. (three of them slowly put fists under their chins) Deb: This is looking really good. Kip: You can say that again. (Uncle Rico acknowledges) Deb: Kay, hold still right there. Now, just imagine youre weightless, in the middle of the ocean, surrounded by tiny little seahorses. (Uncle Rico looks at the camera) Deb: (takes the picture) That was one that I think is gonna come out really nice. Uncle Rico: Ah, how you did it... wow... well I felt really relaxed. Thanks, Deb. (Uncle Rico puts his fist down and swats a fly) Napoleon Dynamite Napoleon Dynamite:Â  (drinks a glass of milk) The defect in that one is bleach. FFA Judge No. 1: Thats right. Napoleon Dynamite: Yes! Napoleon Dynamite: (drinks another glass of milk) This tastes like the cow got into an onion patch. FFA Judge No. 2: Correct! Napoleon Dynamite: Yes!!. Napoleon Dynamite Deb (Napoleon and Deb are dancing) Napoleon Dynamite: I like your sleeves. Theyre real big. Deb: Thank you. I made them myself. Napoleon Dynamite: So you and Pedro getting really serious now? Kip Kip:Â  (singing while typing a poem) Your sandy hair floats in the air... To me its like a lullaby... Im just flying by... Oh so high... like a kite... tied to a skate... Uncle Rico Kip Uncle Rico: What about your girlfriend? Kip: Well, things are getting pretty serious right now. I mean, we chat online for like two hours every day so I guess you could say things are getting pretty serious. Napoleon Dynamite Napoleon Dynamite: You know, like nunchuck skills, bowhunting skills, computer hacking skills... Girls only want boyfriends who have great skills. Uncle Rico Kip Kip: So how long are we talking about working? Uncle Rico: What are you, already losing your steam? Kip: No, I just... I have a chat room meeting at 4. I gotta be back here by then. Uncle Rico: All right, you just start a little earlier, thats all. Or else work afterwards. How long is the chat room? Kip: Jeez, sometimes up to 3-4 hours maybe... Maybe not... Uncle Rico: You pay the bills for that? Does that cost money every time youre on, like for minutes on the phone? Kip: Yeah, grandmas still paying per minute. She gets kinda pissed at me sometimes cause Im on there so long. Uncle Rico: I bet she does. Ill tell you something, Id be throwing you out the window. Kip, Uncle Rico Napoleon Dynamite Kip: So whens grandma coming back? Uncle Rico: I dont know. Not sure. Napoleon Dynamite: You dont have to stay here with us, were not babies! Uncle Rico: Ha ha! Talk to your Auntie Carolyn. Napoleon Dynamite: Kip is like thirty-two years old. Kip: I dont mind if you stay.

Expository Writing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Expository Writing - Assignment Example According to research conducted, students taking such a short intensive course are better equipped to handle the work at hand because they get first hand concentration and attention by the teachers and instructors and thus are able to recall their work as well as revise and learn better. â€Å"Concentrating classroom time in the intensive course enhances group cohesion, showing a significantly higher degree of group-building communication by peers in relation to group-building communication by the teacher than in the standard format course.† (Takeda, H) However, at the same time, disadvantages like less retention of information over a long period of time have been shown with students pursuing such intensive courses. Furthermore, there is a great amount of pressure on the student as well as the instructor in order to complete the syllabus on time. Thus, in order to counter such pressure, a number of tips have also been provided within the article which has proven to be quite ha ndy, like creating a classroom rapport and having the students focus on a single class rather than taking too many subjects at once. As per popularity, the use of such a short intensive will continue into the future and tips like grading quickly, assessing teachers, and following drop date approaches all help to get the studying done in an exceptional manner for the students. Assignment 2: The topic for research for the second assignment is â€Å"Leadership.† This topic will help me to write and understand articles on the basis of how leadership plays a vital role in any business organization and how it helps greatly in achieving the organisational goals. With the help of articles on the basis of motivation, skill and perseverance, leadership can be understood as the key tool in the formation and running of any company or firm. Various sources ranging from published works by renowned companies as well as historical texts written on how leadership was used in various ways to m otivate and instil a sense of affiliation as well as pride within the people working under or serving great leaders. Assignment 3: RESEARCH TOPIC: LEADERSHIP Source Definitions/ key terms Focus of study (subjects, participants, type of college, purpose of study) Methodology Findings Personal reflections Seltzer, J. (1990). Transformational Leadership: Beyond Initiation and Consideration.  Journal of Management,  16(4) Leadership, management The main focus of study within this article was to find information regarding transformational leadership and how the same has helped in understanding leadership effectiveness and satisfaction in variants of subordinates. The research that was gathered used analysis using subordinates and statistics to find out information regarding transformational leadership. This article has made use of leader ratings by one subordinate and outcome ratings by a second subordinate, largely confirms the augmentation effect that has been talked about within t he article with the help of leadership attributes. There was disconfirmation for the effect on reported extra effort, suggesting that the relation of transformational leadership to subordinate's extra effort is a dyadic rather than a group effect. This article was

Briefly explain the major objectives or underlying philosophies of HRM Essay - 1

Briefly explain the major objectives or underlying philosophies of HRM and what activities these may involve - Essay Example One of the major objectives of human resource management is to develop a personnel base that is motivated and has the necessary potentials, and to maximize on such human resource towards achieving organizational objectives. This identifies the role of the branch of management in ensuring a healthy and productive workforce. Creating a workforce with the required potential for meeting the objective involves activities such as recruiting, selecting, and training employees. While an informed employee selection ensures skills and personalities towards meeting job demands, activities such as rewarding and recognizing employees together with providing favourable work environments achieves a motivated workforce that can achieve organizational goals effectively. Human resource management also aims at developing and sustaining a â€Å"suitable and sound organizational structure† with a subsequent goal of good interpersonal relationships towards teamwork (Geet and Deshpande, 2008, p. 1-2 0). The desired integration also aims at alleging individuals’ goals for ensuring focus and effectiveness in organizational ventures. In order to achieve such unity and cohesion, human resource managements ensure activities that promote â€Å"belongingness, team spirit† and personal contributions to the organization (Geet and Deshpande, 2008, p. 1-20). Activities such as bonding retreats, seminars on benefits of interpersonal relationships, and focus groups to identify possible barriers to organizational cohesion are therefore essential (Geet and Deshpande, 2008). Human resource management also aims at developing a work environment that sustains employees’ morale and promote â€Å"value system and environment of trust and mutuality of interest† (Geet and Deshpande, 2008, p. 1-20). Activities towards favourable work environment include matching job descriptions with employees’

Starbucks Coffee Company Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Starbucks Coffee Company Analysis - Essay Example Starbucks Corporation is a US based company and is engaged in the business of purchasing and roasting whole coffee beans. It is regarded to be one of the premier brands of speciality coffee retailing in the world and operates its business in more than 50 countries of the world. Starbucks is headquartered at Seattle, Washington and was founded in the year 1971 (Yahoo Finance, 2012a). Its stocks are traded on NASDAQ Global Select Market with the ticker symbol â€Å"SBUX†. Starbucks is one of the fortune 500 companies of the world and has been ranked 229th in the fortune 500 list for the year 2012 (CNN Money, 2012). For the fiscal year ended October 2011, the US segment accounted for around 69% of the total revenues generated by the company (Starbucks Corporation, 2012). The revenues are generated in United States mainly through the licensed stores and company operated stores run by the company all over the country. Starbucks mainly operates its business in the speciality eaterie s industrial segment of US economy and has a market capitalisation of around $34.9 billion (Yahoo Finance, 2012b). ... Various strategic analysis tools like PESTEL, Porter’s Five Forces, etc. would be utilised to attain the objectives of this study. TASK A – Market Environment Analysis PESTEL Analysis PESTEL is an external environmental analysis tool, which is used for analysing the political, social, technological, economical, legal and environmental factors associated with an organisation like Starbucks (Henry, 2008, p.51). PESTEL analysis is particularly useful in analysing the macro environment associated with a business organisation. The PESTEL analysis of Starbucks (Appendix - 1) with respect to its US business segment is presented below: 1. Political Factors: Political factors do have some impact in the speciality coffee industry of United States because the green coffee beans are actually needed to be imported from other countries that are characterised of having tropical climate which is needed to grow coffee. Hence, if the trade relations that exist between US and the supplier country get deteriorated then this industry could have a negative impact on it. 2. Economical Factors: The recent economic downturn in US economy because of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) is having a significant negative impact on the speciality coffee industry. Speciality coffee is generally considered to be a luxury good. Hence with the decrease in income levels of consumers in US, they tend to switch over to other lower cost substitutes available to them. Moreover the increasing prices of the commodities in the market are also having an adverse impact on this industry. 3. Social Factors: Social trends are also observed to have a significant impact on the speciality coffee industry in the United States. The coffee culture has evolved in the

Determination of the pKas for Glycine

Determination of the pKas for Glycine Name: Aleksandra Redlinska Lab Partner: Adrianna Czerlonko Lab Instructor: Jenq-Kuen Huang Lab TA: Chandra K.Ailneni Objectives: The purpose of this experiment is to titrate glycine and determine its pKa values. This is done to show that glycine is a dipolar ion. This experiment will help explain how pKa values and pH are closely related and will help show the importance of pH in amino acids. Background: Amino acids consist of an amino group (-NH3+) and a carboxyl group (-COOH). When they are in an acidic solution, the amino group becomes protonated and the carboxyl group gets dissociated. When in a solution with a neutral pH, amino acids will usually be dipolar and the amino group will be protonated while the carboxyl group becomes deprotonated. When amino acids are in basic solution, the protonated amino group is the only one that changes, by losing a proton (Biochemistry). The equation used to find the equilibrium constant, Ka, of a reaction is the products divided by the reactants. The Ka can then be used to find the pKa by taking the negative log of the Ka. The Ka value can be used to figure out whether the acid will dissociate or not and how strong an acid is. Glycine is an amino acid which contains both acidic and basic pKas. This shows that it can react to changes in the pH. By adding NaOH to glycine, the proton ion will dissociate. This dissociation will occur due to the tit ration done using the glycine solution. Materials: 0.1 N Sodium hydroxide (60 mL) Glycine (0.6 g or 8.0 meq) 0.1 N Hydrochloric acid (60 mL) Deionized water 100 mL volumetric flask Two burettes Four 250 mL beakers Funnel Graduated cylinder pH meter Procedure: Glycine (0.6 g) was weighed out and put in a 100 ml flask. Water was added to the flask to make 100 mL of solution. The sample (25 mL) was transferred to a 250 mL beaker and distilled water was added (100 mL). The solution was titrated with 0.1 N NaOH (30 mL in 1.0 mL increments). The pH and volume of base were measured after each 1.0 mL of NaOH added and the data was recorded and plotted. Distilled water (125 mL) was placed in a 250 mL beaker. The solution was once again titrated with 0.1 N NaOH (30 mL in 1.0 mL increments). The pH and volume of base were once again collected and plotted. The original glycine solution (25 mL) was transferred to a 250 mL beaker and distilled water (100 mL) was added. The solution was titrated with 0.1 N HCl (30 mL in 1.0 mL increments). The total volume of acid and the pH were recorded. Distilled water (125 mL) was placed in a 250 mL beaker and the solution was titrated with 0.1 N HCl (30 mL in 1.0 mL increments). The volume of the acid and the pH wa s recorded and plotted. Results: Table 1. Titration with NaOH. Table 2. Titration with HCl. Calculations: Determining pKa1 (HCl titration) At pH = 2.5, 30 mL of 0.1 N HCl was used for the glycine titration and 16 mL was used for water. 30 mL – 16 mL = 14 mL 14 mL = 0.014 L 0.014 L was used to titrate glycine at pH 2.5 The normality of HCl used was 0.1 N N = #eq/L 0.1 N = X/0.014 L X = 0.0014 eq 0.0014 eq = 1.4 meq It takes 1.4 meq of HCl to convert glycine to an acidic form The amount of glycine at the start of the titration was: (8 meq)(25 mL/100 mL) = 2 meq The amount of glycine left after the titration was: 2 meq – 1.4 meq = 0.6 meq Formula: pH = pKa1 + log [conjugate base]/ [acid] Conjugate base = 0.6 meq Acid = 1.4 meq 2.5 = pKa1 + log [0.6]/[1.4] 2.5 = pKa1 – 0.368 pKa1 = 2.868 Determining pKa2 (NaOH titration) At pH = 9.4, 18 mL of 0.1 N NaOH was used for the glycine titration and 1 mL was used for the water. 18 mL – 1 mL = 17 mL 17 mL = 0.017 L 0.017 L was used to titrate glycine at pH 9.4 The normality of HCl used was 0.1 N N = #eq/L 0.1 N = X/0.017 L X = 0.0017 eq 0.0017 eq = 1.7 meq It takes 1.7 meq of NaOH to convert glycine to an acidic form The amount of glycine at the start of the titration was: (8 meq)(25 mL/100 mL) = 2 meq The amount of glycine left after the titration was: 2 meq – 1.7 meq = 0.3 meq Formula: pH = pKa2 + log [conjugate base]/ [acid] Conjugate base = 1.7 meq Acid = 0.3 meq 9.4 = pKa2 + log [1.7]/[0.3] 9.4 = pKa2 + 0.753 pKa2 = 8.647 Discussion and Conclusion: The average pKa1 calculated for the titration using HCl was 3.013. The true pKa 1 for an acidic amino acid is 2.3. The average pKa2 calculated for the titration using NaOH was 8.863. The true pKa2 for a basic amino acid is 9.6. This difference could have been caused by dirty glassware or improper measuring of the 0.1 increments of HCl and NaOH using the burette. The error could have also been due to the absence of an analytical scale to make precise measurements of glycine and the pH meter not being cleaned thoroughly enough. Since there was not enough time for each group to complete both parts of the experiment using HCl and NaOH, each group only did one of the titrations. Since my group did not have time to do the HCl titration, we got the results from another group. This could have also caused an error because we did not monitor how precise the other group was. This experiment shows that the pKas of amino acids are important. They could be used to calculate the pH and strength of the amino acid. This observation is displayed in the data above and the graph. This experiment helped me understand how pKa and pH are related. References: Berg, Jeremy M., John L. Tymoczko, and Lubert Stryer.Biochemistry. 6th Edition, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York, (2002). Cronk, J. (2012, January 1). BIOCHEMISTRY Dictionary. Retrieved September 23, 2014, from http://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/biochem/dictionary.cfm?letter=front Cronk, J. (2012, January 1). CHEM 440 lectures. Retrieved September 23, 2014, from http://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfm Huang, Jack. Experiment 2: â€Å"Determination of the pKas for Glycine† Chem 421 Laboratory. Sep 15, 2014. Answers to Questions: 1. The pKa associated with a typical aliphatic carboxylic acid is 2.3 and the pKa associated with a typical aliphatic amine is 9.6. The pKas associated with an alpha-carboxyl group in an amino acid are between 2 and 3. The pKas associated with a gamma-carboxyl group in an amino acid are between 4.3 and 4.5. The pKas associated with an alpha-amino group in an amino acid are between 9 and 10. The pKa associated with an epsilon-amino group in an amino acid is around 10. The pKas associated with an imidazole group in an amino acid are between 6 and 7. The pKas associated with a guanidine group in an amino acid is around 12.5. The pKas for these groups are taken away once the amino acids are incorporated into proteins. The groups form bonds and the only pKa values that can still be seen are the ones that are at the C and N terminus of the chain. 2. The top equation is correct because the top equation contains a Zwitterion. This Zwitterion would cause it to be able to react with HCl (a strong base) and NaOH (a strong acid). The bottom equation shows no charges on the nitrogen or oxygen, making the reaction not able to happen. My data supports this because when adding HCl, the pH went down and when adding NaOH, the pH went up. This shows that ions were taken away and added causing deprotonation and protonation of the glycine. 3. The structure of Lys-Ala-Asp is: The N-terminal is the NH3+ on the very left side and the C-terminal is the OH on the right side. The net charge of this tripeptide at pH 2 is +2. The net charge at pH 6 is 0. The net charge at pH 13 is -2.

Social Movements Compartion Essay -- Sociology

Introduction Why is it that specific movements succeed in broadening the scope and scales of the struggle, whereas other do not? Given the dearth of resources at their disposal, social movements see to attract the attention, empathy, and support of third parties, as a way to balance the unfavorable asymmetric power structure in which they are situated. The importance of expanding the scope of contention and attracting supporters become even more critical in cases of ethnic driven movements, given the nature of their goals and the frequency with which restrictions are imposed on their collective sentiments by the state. Globalization and the Battle of Seattle Globalization describes what a number of people perceive as a fundamental change in the conditions of human life. Just what has changed and how it has changed, however, are matters of great contention. Nonetheless, current writing on globalization focuses on some specific trends that appear to have pushed the sources and implications of social action beyond state borders. Recent transformations in transportation and communications technologies have altered our sense of distance, radically compressing time and space. Territorial states have apparently lost some of their capacities to establish order or mediate change within their borders. The number and power of intergovernmental institutions and multinational corporations have grown remarkably. The communications media are increasingly global in both their reference and their reach, and the media also help provide resources in the building of transnational epistemic communities of immigrants or like-minded activists. Social movements ride the waves of these global processes and formations; in turn, they begin to define ne... .... (1997). Arab national communism in the Jewish state. Gainesville, FL: Florida University Press Keck, Margaret, and Kathryn Sikkink. 1998. Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.. Landau, J. (1991). The Arab minority in Israel, 1967– 1991: Political aspects. New York: Oxford University Press. Lustick, I. (1980b). Arabs in the Jewish State: A study in the effective control of a minority population. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. Neuberger, B. (1993). The Arab minority in Israeli politics 1948-1992: From marginality to influence. Asian and Africa Studies, 27, 149-169 Peoples’ Global Action. 2000. â€Å"Worldwide Resistance Roundup: Newsletter ‘Inspired by’ Peoples’ Global Action.† London. UN Development Programme. 2000. Human development report 2000: Overcoming human poverty. New York: UNCP

Interrelationships with Culture and Visual Entertainmen Essay

Culture and visual entertainment media have an interrelationship with each other such as film and television. As the years go by and more and more television shows and movies have been created they have in my opinion become of a reflection of our cultural times. Society is watching the films and television and seeing that they can relate to what they are watching which then they are able to take away a message. People can see visual instead of having to read to learn which can give them a different perspective that they may not have thought of on their own. As people view the visual entertainment they and see what is being influenced from the way people act, dress, talk, and so forth since it is what is shaping our culture. The Brady Bunch is an example of how families were starting to see that families can merge together and become one family, the outfits and hairstyles were being mimicked by people in everyday life. I remember watching this show thinking how â€Å"cool† is it to have two families merge together. This showed that the social influences of visual entertainment media can be positive. People can still watch visual media that is been out dated but still learn about American culture with such shows. Another example is â€Å"The Breakfast Club† this movie is a classic and still very relevant to how our American culture is shaped. In this movie they look at individuals and show that even though we are from all walks of life such as a jock, nerd, snob, shy, and criminal that we all have similarities in the end if we stop and take a moment to see. I Love Lucy† was a huge influence on visual entertainment people wanted to have the grace, the silliness, and could also see that they lived modestly which made it relate to society. Visual media can be negative as well a positive influence on social behavior. When we view visual entertainment I would say majority want to emulate the celebrities that they are viewing which can be negative or positive depending on that moment. People want to fit in society and with visual entertainment that can shape them in to something different. I remember during the eighty’s all of the shows and movies I watch were all the underdog wins in the end and I felt that this is what I want I want to be the underdog the stand along and befriends with everyone. Guess what I was that person I still am that person as well as I take up for the underdog and befriend everyone as well as treat everyone with respect no matter what. I can thank â€Å"Sixteen Candles, Full House, The Breakfast Club, The Outsiders, and I Love Lucy† were all visual entertainment that made me who I am as well as a lot of others.

Directors notes on Shawshank Redemption Essay Example

Directors notes on Shawshank Redemption Essay Example Directors notes on Shawshank Redemption Paper Directors notes on Shawshank Redemption Paper Essay Topic: Film The Shawshank Redemption The first week of film was very stressful as we had so much preparation to do. The murder scene dark to symbolise the dark hideous act of murder, which would create the uncertainty as to who actually committed the crime. The passionate music was added to show the contrast of the violent act of murder and the irony that there was romance but it was tainted in deception and lies. This challenges the audience as to who is actually guilty. The courtroom was bright white to create the strong contrast from the darkness of the opening scene, to show there was no where for Andy to hide. The bright white courtroom also created the feeling of a stage spotlight on Andy. I decided on a moving shot of the jury was used to show that they were all individuals and to make the audience feel like the jury also because through the film we have to decide if Andy is guilty and if he deserved his punishment. The murder scenes and the courtroom scenes were intertwined using a flashback technique to emphasise and remind the audience how horrific the crime was, showing how the past affects the present. Andy will always be haunted by these memories. The scene when Andy entered the prison and his first night as a prisoner pleased me; it turned out exactly the way I wanted. I think it is important for the audience to be aware of the harshness of a prison environment, a high moving shot gives an immense impression of a concrete building cut off from society, contrasting with everything outside the prison gates which were colourful and full of life whilst everything on the other side looked colourless and almost dead. I used a birds eye view shot to show hundreds of men shuffling in the same direction, showing how they were all institutionalised. A tilting shot of the men entering the prison through its high and imposing gates was a final reminder that when the doors closed behind them was a symbol of their destiny. The powerful contrast between the silence and the noise of the name calling was made to show the prisoners experience, first hand. The audiences first impressions of the warden were paramount. He was wearing a dark suit with a silver cross and clutched a bible, suggested he was a dark man but had religious beliefs. But when he spoke he sounded hard and cold as though hiding behind his religion. It felt right that the prisoners should have been seen as animals, being deprived of their dignity, while being hosed down and deloused naked, to make the audience feel uncomfortable. The first night was shown as the reality of it all with the lights gradually going out and only seeing shadows and silhouettes, everyone the same, criminals. The audience were to feel sorry for the new prisoners and to show that I added silence and darkness which made the heartless attack on the prisoner even more horrifying as he was only a scared human being. I think this is possibly my favourite scene. The scene when Andy meets the sisters and how they treated him was a difficult scene to shoot in many ways. It has some disturbing content that I had to think seriously about editing out. I did however feel it was crucial to show the brutality. That is why I decided to only hint what was happening to Andy, instead of actually showing the violence, I used a camera shot which slowly takes the audience away from the scene to show that there is nothing that they could do to help Andy just merely feel sympathy for him. This would subsequently make his innocence even more poignant. This seemed to fit in more with my overall vision for the film, by letting the audiences imagination take over and visualise the torment Andy would have to go through. Prison life is survival of fittest as they turn on each other to feel a sense of superiority. Using Morgan Freemans character Red as the voice over was an integral part of this film, which was meant to express the thoughts and feelings of the audience. Prison life wasnt easy and Andy overcame all these things and never lost hope of one day being free once again. This scene was the one were Tommy was killed, it wasnt my favourite to shoot but it has a huge impact on the film. Its always hard when you know a character has to die. The scene needed a lot of takes to try and make it as realistic as possible; we shot it in a dimly lit area with shadows to give the audience a sense of anxiety and suspicion. The yard would have been a place for the men to get away from the guards for a time. This was the purpose for the Warden taking Tommy there. It felt best that the Warden started with good news to relieve Tommy of worry, gave him a cigarette to manipulate Tommy into thinking the Warden wanted to create a calm atmosphere. That would suggest that there was an understanding between the two of them. A close up the Wardens and Tommys face was used to highlight that Tommy was being sincere unlike the Warden who wasnt. The Last scene concludes with the Warden looking up into night and nodding, as Tommy gazes up, the guard advances from the darkness and shoots him three times. A close up the Warden stubbing out his cigarette demonstrates how effortlessly he could extinguish someones life. A Long shot of the Warden giving his final look at Tommys corpse was effective so the audience would feel intimidated by the callous Warden and a sense filled with dread for Andys future. I was thrilled with the scene of Andys escape, particularly with the fusion of flashbacks and the voiceovers by Freeman. The two of them working together gives us a perception into the thought process behind Andys plan. He doesnt mention it to anyone, as discreet and as fastidious as he is. What makes Andys plan so brilliant is that, even the viewer doesnt know he has escaped until, you see the empty cell, because his last night is just like any other. When the Warden arrives, the cell has been torn apart. As the thrown stone echoes down the tunnel, its crucial because that is the precise moment when the Warden, Red and the guard realise Andys escape route. I felt the images of the escape tool in the press were symbolic of Andys victory. Captivating the audience was simple, using tense music, which exhibits the magnitude of Andys escape, gives us an insight into what he had to encounter and how intelligent and exact his plan was. It was difficult thinking about what was going to happen on the night of Andys escape, and then I had this idea about the weather. Having a thunder and lighting storm which would make the scene more dramatic and exciting, it also gave a vivid backdrop. It shows nature at its most violent mirroring Andys escape. Finally after a lot of consideration I decided that Andy would exit the 500 yards of sewage with the voiceover giving an insight into how atrocious it was. A high angle shot moving away from Andy meant that it gave the impression of him thanking God for his freedom as he elevates his hands. It is almost like he is leaving his past behind him, Andy the convicted murderer, going forth into the future as Andy, the successful escapee. The rain symbolizes his body and mind being cleansed of his sins. The Wardens words Its a miracle echoed to show that it actually was a miracle. The final scene were Andy and Red reunite, I think is the happiest in the whole movie. It was important that this music reflected Reds happiness. In the corn field he felt the sun in his face, the breeze in his hair, all these things most men take for granted. The long shot shows the big oak tree where Andy met his first love. The last shot of the vibrant blue ocean, the golden sandy beach, more than met Reds first expectations, with Andy and Red being the only two living souls on the beach. The majority of scenes and music in this scene were tense and dark until the last scene, where it in total contrast became vibrant, colourful and warm. I had several ideas for an alternative ending. When the Warden found out that Andy had set up an off shore bank accountant for himself and then got all his privileges and bricked up the library. The Warden then threw him into the hole where he spent the of his, slowly going insane. My chosen ending meant that justice had prevailed and after all the horrors both men eventually got their freedom. I feel that this film shows us that no matter what happens you have to have hope and faith that in the end you will be free.

How to Apply for a Research Grant

How to Apply for a Research Grant How to Apply for a Research Grant There are several things you need to do when preparing a research grant application. These include the following: Plan the application process from the very beginning. This means setting aside time to research funding sources, as well   as working out the basic details of your project (e.g., proposed budget and timeframe). Read your funding organization’s submission guidelines and use these to write up your application. Try to use clear, concise language throughout. Justify each aspect of your application, including your methods, costs, timescale, what your research will achieve, and why you have applied for a grant to fund your work. Proofread your application carefully before submitting it. And to help you through this process, we’ll now look at each of these points in more detail. Read on to find out more. 1. Researching a Research Grant To maximize your chances of success when planning a grant application, you need to find a funder that suits your situation and research interests. To do this, you should: Set a schedule for the application process that you can work towards. Work out your basic proposal, such as the budget and research aims. Look for funding opportunities in your subject area. Make sure to check eligibility guidelines and the funding organization’s objectives. Speak to colleagues about your grant proposal, especially if you know anyone who has received funding for a similar project in the past. The idea is to find the best funder for your project. Once you have done this, try to get as much relevant information as possible together before you begin writing up your application. 2. Writing Up Your Application Before you write up your application, read the funding organization’s submission guidelines carefully. These will set out how your application should be written, formatted, and structured. The format here may vary slightly, but most research grant applications should include: A title page featuring your name(s) and contact information. An abstract or summary of the proposal. An introduction with background information and research aims. A short literature review of the research you are building upon. Proposed methods and expected results of your research. A budget outline for how the grant will be spent. A timeframe for conducting the research. In terms of style, a research grant application should be clear, concise, and formal. If possible, though, try to keep the language simple and avoid jargon unless it is strictly necessary. 3. Justifying Your Choices While writing up your application, make sure to explain your thinking. This is vital because you may be competing for the same grant as many other academics. As such, you need to show that you have considered each aspect of your proposal in detail, including: How your research fits with the funding organization’s interests. Why you need a grant for your research and how it will be spent. Why the methods and timescale you have proposed are appropriate. How the research will contribute to knowledge in your subject area and/or how it could be applicable in â€Å"real life† situations outside academia. 4. Editing and Proofreading Finally, always leave time for editing and proofreading before you submit your application. This will allow you to seek feedback from colleagues and make revisions accordingly. In addition, once you have made any final revisions, you may want to ask someone to give your application one final check (perhaps even a professional proofreader). This will ensure the final document is 100% typo free, demonstrating valuable attention to detail in the process.

Application Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application Question - Essay Example Nonetheless, Television presents the economic performance on main economic players within a country and presents. The television is always accurate in presenting the share indices of companies trading in the stock exchanges thus a useful source for the public and other stakeholders who wish to invest in such firms (White, Angappa, and Matthew 47). However, provision of economic information on the television sets tends to undermine local entrepreneurship and Instead of promoting local economic drives individuals to favour multinational enterprise. Television, as a creative industry, has also been instrumental in integrating cultural needs and expectations of the public through various programs (White, Angappa, and Matthew 47). Television is always vital in upholding cultural heritage of a country through awareness creation among the locals or residents. So often, it is common to witness a country promoting its local culture through television as the most preferred mainstream media. To individuals who prefer to uphold their cultural heritage, television is a modest way of accepting their culture and belonging. More important, television is a way of creating cultural tolerance since the programs are always multinational (White, Angappa, and Matthew 47). However, television breeds bad behaviours among the public bringing into question the role it plays in integrating cultural needs and expectations. The implication is that television promotes externally imposed cultural values making individuals to disregard their local norms because they prefer affluent cultures that they watch on their television sets. Of the two significances, economic integration is the major contribution of television that steers development in any given country. The implication is that economic integration focuses on accessibility of information which is very crucial for development and generation of investment

6.1 Annotated Bibliography Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

6.1 Annotated Bibliography Assignment - Essay Example By studying this article, one can best understand the undercurrents that have pushed distance learning into importance and wide application. The article compels the reader to rethink the tenability of calls that distance learning be subjected to rescission. By reading this article, one is able to appreciate the essence, reasons for and advantages of distance learning. The article enriches this study be discussing formal deliberations and resolutions that have been passed by European Union, so that analysts can appreciate the fact that it is not only Americans who are considering the fate of distance learning programs. The article also compels analysts to consider the need to adopt a comprehensive approach that is inclusive of an international scope when appraising and modifying distance learning. In this article, Farajollahi discusses different modalities and frameworks that can be put in place to ensure that distance learning for the tertiary level of education is more effective, less contentious and comports itself worthy of its putative standards. By studying how Turkey has interwoven certain aspects of traditional classes with distance learning, analysts are able to appreciate many viable alternatives to solving the pitfalls of distance learning. Fritts, Jack & Casey, Anne-Marie. â€Å"Who Trains Distance Librarians: A Study of the Training & Development Needs of Distance Learning Librarians.† Journal of Library Administration, 50.5/6 (2010): 617-627. Print The importance of this article to this study is that it attempts to appraise the disputed quality of distance by looking at its most fundamental aspect. This fundamental aspect is the module’s services providers and their level of training. The rationale herein is that if the fundamentals are in order, then the shortcomings of distance learning are secondary or peripheral and can thus be solved. In this article, Karras discounts the notion that distance or virtual